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The following is a list of references that were used to inform the Bladder and Bowel Anxieties website content:

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Chalabi, B. (2008). SHIT DOESN’T HAPPEN Lifting the lid on Shy Bowel. Bristol, United Kingdom: Baz Chalabi.

Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 63-93). New York: Guilford Press.

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Kuoch, K. L. J., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (2019). Latest thinking on paruresis and parcopresis: A new distinct diagnostic entity? The Australian Journal of General Practice, 48(4).

Kuoch, K. L. J., Meyer, D., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (2017). A systematic review of paruresis: Clinical implications and future directions. J Psychosom Res, 98, 122-129. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.05.015

Kuoch, K. L. J., Meyer, D., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (2019). Development and validation of the bladder and bowel incontinence phobia severity scale (BBIPSS). Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy.

Kuoch, K. L. J., Meyer, D., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (under review). Socio-cognitive processes associated with bladder and bowel incontinence anxiety: A proposed bivalent model. Current Psychology

Kuoch, K. L. J., Meyer, D., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (2019). Socio-cognitive processes associated with paruresis and parcopresis symptoms: A proposed bivalent model. Current Psychology.

Kuoch, K. L. J., Meyer, D., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (2019). Urinary and faecal incontinence: Psychological factors and management recommendations. New Zealand Medical Journal.

Kuoch, K. L. J., Hebbard, G. S., O’Connell, H. E., Austin, D. W., & Knowles, S. R. (2019). Classification and differentiation of bladder and bowel related anxieties: A socio-cognitive exploration. Current Psychology. doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00364-0

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Soifer, S., Himle, J., & Walsh, K. (2010). Paruresis (shy bladder syndrome): a cognitive-behavioral treatment approach. Soc Work Health Care, 49(5), 494-507. doi:10.1080/00981381003684898

Soifer, S., Nicaise, G., Chancellor, M., & Gordon, D. (2009). Paruresis or shy bladder syndrome: an unknown urologic malady? UrolNurs, 29(2), 87-94.

Soifer, S., Zgourides, G. D., Himle, J., & O’Brien, N. (2017). The secret social phobia: Shy bladder syndrome (Paruresis). United States of America: International Paruresis Association.

Soifer, S., Zgourides, G. D., Himle, J., & Pickering, N. L. (2001). Shy bladder syndrome: Your step-by-step guide to overcoming paruresis: New Harbinger Publications

United Kingdom Paruresis Trust. Coping with AP. Retrieved from https://www.ukpt.org.uk/

Vythilingum, B., Stein, D. J., & Soifer, S. (2002). Is “shy bladder syndrome” a subtype of social anxiety disorder? A survey of people with paruresis. Depress Anxiety, 16(2), 84-87. doi:10.1002/da.10061

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